Malaria in children: prevention, symptoms, and treatment

1- What is malaria?

Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Once inside the body, the parasite attacks red blood cells, causing symptoms that can worsen rapidly, especially in children.

2- What are the symptoms of malaria in children?

The symptoms of malaria in children can vary, but the most common include:

• High fever (often accompanied by chills)

• Fatigue and weakness

• Headache

• Vomiting or diarrhea

• Muscle pain and body aches

• Paleness, often due to anemia

In severe cases, symptoms may progress to seizures, loss of consciousness, or even coma.

It is important to note that these symptoms can appear days or even weeks after a mosquito bite. If your child shows any of these signs, seek immediate medical attention for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

3- How to prevent malaria in children

Prevention is essential, especially in regions like Cameroon, where malaria is endemic. Here are a few steps to help protect your children:

• Use long-lasting insecticidal mosquito nets (LLINs): Ensure your children sleep under insecticide-treated nets, particularly at night, to avoid mosquito bites.

• Get your child vaccinated: The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) now includes malaria vaccination starting at six months of age, along with intermittent preventive treatment beginning at two and a half months.

• Apply mosquito repellents: Use age-appropriate mosquito repellent lotions or sprays on your child's skin and clothing.

• Dress children in protective clothing: Encourage wearing long-sleeved shirts and pants, especially in the evening.

• Sanitize the environment: Remove stagnant water around your home, as these are breeding sites for mosquitoes.

• Antimalarial prophylaxis: For children traveling to high-risk areas, doctors may recommend preventive antimalarial medication.

4- Treatment of malaria in children

Malaria can be treated effectively if diagnosed early. Treatment varies based on the type of parasite (mainly Plasmodium falciparum in Cameroon) and the severity of the infection:

• Antimalarial medications: Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the most commonly used treatments. The dosage depends on the child’s weight and age, and the medication is usually given over several days.

• Hydration: Ensure that your child stays well-hydrated, especially if they are experiencing vomiting or diarrhea.

• Hospital care: In severe cases of malaria, hospitalization may be required to administer intravenous treatments and closely monitor the child’s progress.

5- The role of the Centre Pédiatrique de Bonapriso in the fight against malaria

At the Centre Pédiatrique de Bonapriso, we provide comprehensive care for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of malaria in children. Our medical team is trained to identify malaria symptoms quickly and administer appropriate treatments. We also offer diagnostic blood tests to confirm the presence of the parasite efficiently.

Our commitment:

• Prevention: We educate families on malaria prevention and encourage the use of mosquito nets and other protective measures.

• Rapid diagnosis: In suspected cases of malaria, our team conducts tests promptly to ensure a quick and reliable diagnosis.

• Effective treatment: We prescribe safe and effective antimalarial treatments to guarantee the fast recovery of your

  children.

6- What to do if you suspect malaria?

If you suspect that your child has malaria, seek medical attention immediately. Malaria can develop into severe forms quickly in children, but early treatment can prevent complications and save lives.

Do not hesitate to schedule an appointment with the pediatricians at the Centre Pédiatrique de Bonapriso if you have any concerns or if your child shows suspicious symptoms. Your vigilance, combined with our expertise, is the best defense against this disease.