Fever in children: how to manage It and when to worry

1- What Is Fever?

Fever is an elevation of body temperature above the normal range (above 38°C in children).

2- Common Causes of Fever in Children

Fever can have various causes, ranging from mild infections to more serious conditions. Here are the most common causes:

• Viral infections: These are the most frequent in children (cold, flu, gastroenteritis, etc.). Viruses typically cause moderate fever lasting a few days.

• Bacterial infections: These can cause higher fevers and often require antibiotic treatment (ear infections, pneumonia, urinary infections, etc.).

• Vaccinations: It is common for children to develop a mild, temporary fever after certain vaccinations.

• Teething: Although this is debated, some children may experience a mild fever during teething.

3- When to See a Doctor

While fever itself is not dangerous, there are certain signs to watch for:

• Fever in a baby under 3 months: Any fever in a newborn should be taken seriously and requires immediate medical consultation.

• Persistent fever: If the fever lasts more than three days without improvement, see a pediatrician.

• Very high temperature: A fever above 40°C warrants quick medical attention, especially if it does not respond to fever reducers.

• Unusual behavior: Excessive drowsiness, refusal to eat or drink, severe irritability, difficulty breathing, or inconsolable crying are signs that require immediate medical care.

4- How to Manage Fever at Home

Here are some simple steps to relieve your child when they have a fever:

• Give fever reducers: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is recommended to reduce fever. Always follow the doses prescribed by the doctor or indicated on the packaging.

• Keep your child hydrated: Fever can cause dehydration. Offer fluids frequently, such as water, milk, or broth.

• Dress lightly: Excess clothing can increase body temperature. Dress your child in light clothing and ensure the room is well ventilated.

• Avoid cold baths: Cold baths can cause shivering and discomfort, so they are not recommended for children with fever.

5- Common Myths About Fever

Fever is often misunderstood, leading to common myths that need to be debunked:

• Fever is dangerous for the brain: Moderate fever does not harm the brain. Only extremely high temperatures (above 41°C) can be concerning for children under 5 years old.

• Fever must always be reduced: Fever is a natural defense mechanism. It does not always need to be treated unless it causes discomfort.

• Febrile seizures are serious: While alarming, febrile seizures in young children are generally harmless and leave no lasting effects. However, it is important to see a doctor if this occurs.

Conclusion

Fever in children is often a source of concern for parents, but in most cases, it is not a sign of a serious illness. By following proper practices to manage it at home and knowing when to consult a doctor, you can help your child safely get through this episode.

If you have any concerns or questions about your child's health, do not hesitate to seek advice and care from a healthcare professional, such as those at the Centre Pédiatrique de Bonapriso, for personalized guidance and follow-up.