Everything you need to know about infant cradle cap: causes, treatment, and prevention

1- What is cradle cap?
Cradle cap, medically known as infant seborrheic dermatitis, consists of thick, greasy patches of skin that primarily form on the scalp. It often appears in the first few months of life and can sometimes spread to the eyebrows, behind the ears, or in skin folds. These patches are usually painless and do not cause itching.

2- What are the causes?
Cradle cap results from a combination of factors, although its exact origin is unknown. Here are the main factors that may contribute to its appearance:

1. Maternal hormones: Hormones passed from the mother to the baby during pregnancy may stimulate the sebaceous glands on the scalp, causing excessive sebum (an oily substance) production.

2. Excess sebum: The excess sebum can trap dead skin cells, leading to the formation of crusts.

3. Presence of microorganisms: A naturally occurring fungus on the skin, called Malassezia, might play a role in the appearance of cradle cap by promoting inflammation.

4. Genetic factors: Family history may also contribute, with some babies being more predisposed to developing cradle cap.

3- What are the symptoms?
Cradle cap is easy to recognize thanks to its specific characteristics:
• Greasy and scaly appearance: The patches are thick, yellowish or whitish, and can make the scalp look oily.
• Localized patches on the scalp: They mainly appear on the top of the head but can extend to other areas.
• Absence of itching or irritation: Unlike some other skin conditions, cradle cap usually does not cause discomfort for the baby.

4- Is cradle cap painful?
Cradle cap generally does not cause pain or discomfort for the baby. It is primarily a cosmetic issue and does not affect the child's overall health. However, in some cases, it can become more extensive, which may warrant medical advice to rule out other skin conditions.

5- How to treat cradle cap?
Cradle cap usually resolves on its own without specific treatment, but simple care can speed up its disappearance and improve the scalp's appearance:

1. Wash the scalp with a mild shampoo: Use a gentle, fragrance-free baby shampoo to regularly wash your child's hair. Gently massage the scalp to loosen the crusts and rinse thoroughly.

2. Apply natural oil: Before bathing, apply a natural oil (such as sweet almond, olive, or coconut oil) to the scalp and let it sit for 15 to 30 minutes. This helps soften the crusts, making them easier to remove.

3. Use a soft baby brush: After washing, gently brush the hair with a soft-bristle baby brush to remove the softened crusts.

4. Medicated shampoos: If the cradle cap persists or spreads to other areas, a pediatrician may recommend using a medicated shampoo, but only under medical supervision.

6- What to avoid
• Do not scratch the crusts: Avoid scratching or vigorously rubbing the crusts to prevent irritating the baby's skin or causing infection.
• Avoid irritating products: Do not use scented lotions or shampoos that could worsen the condition.

7- Can cradle cap be prevented?
There is no guaranteed way to prevent cradle cap, but certain habits can help minimize its appearance:

1. Wash the baby's hair regularly: Use a gentle shampoo and ensure thorough rinsing.

2. Moisturize the scalp: A light application of natural oil can help maintain scalp hydration and health.

3. Monitor for signs of irritation: If redness or widespread patches appear, consult a pediatrician.

8- When to see a doctor?
Although cradle cap is usually harmless, some situations may require medical consultation:
• The crusts spread to other parts of the body: If patches appear on the face, behind the ears, or in skin folds.
• The crusts become red or oozing: This may indicate an infection.
• No improvement despite basic care: If the cradle cap persists or worsens, it is best to seek medical advice.

Conclusion
Cradle cap is a common and benign condition in infants that can be easily managed with basic care. The key is to keep the scalp clean and use gentle products to avoid irritating your baby’s delicate skin. If in doubt or if the condition persists, the Centre Pédiatrique de Bonapriso is here to help.

For more information or to book an appointment, contact us at 695502537. Let’s take care of our little ones' skin together!